Colonel Dr. Pavel N. Bobylev[29] was one of the military historians from the Soviet (later Russian) Ministry of Defense who in 1993 published the materials of the January 1941 games on maps. Ukraine says it is fighting for its existence and that Putin's claims of genocide are nonsense. The larger nuclear weapons would be used to destroy major cities in Western Europe, including Hamburg, Bonn, Munich and Hannover in West Germany; Rotterdam, Utrecht and Amsterdam in the Netherlands; and Antwerp and Brussels in Belgium. WebThe Baltic states are next on the list with Estonia offered to Berlins sphere of influence and Latvia and Lithuania being either invaded or coming to the new Russian Empire in as Even Austria, which was a neutral country in the Cold War, would not be spared from atomic destruction. Review: Soviet Foreign Policy in the West, 1936-1941: A Review Article. April 26, 2023. Reuters, the news and media division of Thomson Reuters, is the worlds largest multimedia news provider, reaching billions of people worldwide every day. Suvorov claims Soviet units were issued with maps of Germany and German-occupied territory, and phrasebooks including questions about SA officesSA offices were found only in German territory proper. "If there's a spill over elsewhere, all of these effects could be expanded," he said. Zelensky confirmed Wednesday that Ukraines government still believes Putin has plans to try taking over all of Ukraine. Western leaders were gathered on Saturday in Germany for the Munich Conference to discuss continuing efforts to avoid war breaking out in eastern Europe and the huge repercussions for neighbouring countries and the wider region. Russia plans to launch the biggest war in Europe since 1945 by attacking Ukraine in a bloody and protracted conflict, Boris No fewer than two nuclear weapons would have been used to destroy Copenhagen, and five nuclear weapons in total would have been unleashed on Denmark as well. WebAccording to Suvorov, there were supposed to be three Five-Year Plan phases that would prepare the Soviet Union for war. On releasing the archived plans, Radosaw Sikorski, who was then-Polish defence minister and is now a member of the European Parliament, said: "The objective of the exercise on this map is to take over most of western Europe all of Germany, Belgium and Denmark.". World War II was the most destructive war in human history. (Recommended: How America and Russia Could Start a Nuclear War). I do not rule out that this is another fake. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. : "The new evidence shows that by encouraging Hitler to start World War II, Stalin hoped to simultaneously ignite a world-wide revolution and conquer all of Europe". One plan assumed a surprise attack on the Soviet forces stationed in Germany to impose "the will of the United States and British Empire"[2] on the Soviets. He was later convicted of fraud but has denied any wrongdoing. US vows robust response amid Ukraine invasion fear, More than 100 police hurt in French May Day protests, Fighter jets are roaring over my home in Sudan, Explosion derails train in Russian border region. Moldova? The United States would greatly surpass that number, of course. The creation of the plans was ordered by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill in May 1945 and developed by the British Armed Forces' Joint Planning Staff in May 1945 at the end of World War II in Europe.[1]. Expressen reporter Mattias Carlsson, who is in Chisinau, told CNN that the latest protest organized by Shor on Friday last week had led to a few arrests. While the official said it was hard to say these were all strategically related, it showed that there was an issue on Eastern Europe's eastern flank. But the official said Russia could also initiate actions against Nato members such as cyber and hybrid warfare, and even physical attacks. There have also been several protests organized by a pro-Russian party in the capital, Chisinau. BEIJING (AP) Chinese leader Xi Jinping told Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in a phone call on Wednesday that his government will send a peace envoy to Ukraine and other nations, state media said, after Beijing said it wants to act as mediator in Russias war with the country. "Added to that are the recent border crisis involving thousands of migrants in Belarus, as well as Russia's backing of separatists in the Caucasus and elsewhere," he said. In response to an instruction by Churchill of 10 June 1945, a follow-up report was written on "what measures would be required to ensure the security of the British Isles in the event of war with Russia in the near future". The secret mine that hid the Nazis' stolen treasure. Russia has always been and remains open to building good-neighborly, mutually beneficial relations, including with Moldova., Peskov added: We are very sorry that the current leadership of Moldova is experiencing completely unjustified and unfounded prejudices against Moscow.. NATO members and the Biden administration announced a series of steps this week that they think will work to prevent Russia from taking brash and disastrous action against other European nations. The Russian defense ministry said last month that the WebA Russian invasion of Ukraine would set off a major national security crisis for Europe and the Biden administration, which has declared an ironclad commitment to Ukraines He said: I think what he wants to see is Nato pushed back, and hes going to see the exact opposite. The United States also announced Wednesday it will be increasing some of its military presence in Europe to try to boost security in the region. [21], Source: Mikhail Meltyukhov Stalin's Missed Chance table 43,45,46,47,[22], Supporters of the theory also refer to various facts, such as the publication of Georgy Zhukov's proposal of 15 May 1941,[23] which called for a Soviet strike against Germany, to support their position. Some Soviet allies like Czechoslovakia thought the plan too optimistic, while some present-day Western planners believe that such a goal was unrealistic or even unattainable. WebSince Russia invaded Ukraine on Feb. 24, the United States and its European and Asian allies have slapped sanctions on Russian leaders, companies and businessmen, cutting The goal was to break through NATOs frontlines, and advance swiftly into the depth of his defense and move into operational space. In order to achieve these rapid initial successes, the Soviet Union aimed to achieve a troop advantage of 5:1 or 6:1 along the main points of attack. [50] He considered that the news of Red Army concentrations near the border had led to Hitler engaging in a Flucht nach vorn ("flight forward"), a response to a danger by charging on, rather than retreating:[50] "Independently, the National Socialist program of conquest met the equally far-reaching war-aims program which Stalin had drawn up in 1940 at the latest". [13] Eighteen million reservists were also drafted. [3] Suvorov's thesis was fully or partially accepted by a limited number of historians, including Valeri Danilov, Joachim Hoffmann, Mikhail Meltyukhov, and Vladimir Nevezhin and attracted public attention in Germany, Israel, and Russia. Regardless, nuclear weapons were a central part of the Soviet Unions strategy to conquer all of Western Europe. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [citation needed] According to University of Edinburgh Professor John Erickson, Operation Unthinkable helps to explain why Zhukov did so. The mayor of the south-eastern city of Mariupol says that scores of civilians have been killed in relentless shelling of residential areas by Russian forces. The document appears to have been drawn up to thwart Moldovas tilt to the West, which includes closer relations with NATO and an application to join the European Union. The Joint Planning Staff rejected Churchill's notion of retaining bridgeheads on the Continent as not having any operational advantage. On the day Russia invaded Ukraine (Feb. 24), Biden ordered the deployment of an additional 7,000 U.S. troops to Europe, and moved forces already in Europe to NATO's eastern flank, including to Latvia. Securing this and the areas before it was crucial in preventing the US, Canada and the UK from landing reinforcements for NATO in northern Europe. Speaking to journalists, including the BBC, the senior intelligence official, who asked not to be named, said: "Let's not be blind. The archived military document revealed how most of Europe would have been laid to waste, and showed how Pact forces would have responded to an attack by NATO. ET, April 27, 2023 NATO chief welcomes Xi-Zelensky call, but notes China still hasnt condemned Russia's invasion From CNN's Jo Shelley [63], Several politicians have also made claims similar to Suvorov's. What were doing is putting more UK forces into Estonia, more into Poland, more in the skies above Romania. Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles. WebThe first will be a new front line of conflict in Central Europe. Build the strongest argument relying on authoritative content, attorney-editor expertise, and industry defining technology. The most comprehensive solution to manage all your complex and ever-expanding tax and compliance needs. Discovery Company. The Icebreaker Controversy: Did Stalin Plan to Attack Hitler? The discussion resulted in dozens of serious studies at least partially supporting Suvorov's thesis, which were usually better documented than Suvorov's. [5] Both plans were very secret and were not made public until 1998[6] although a British spy for the Soviets, Guy Burgess, had revealed some details to the Soviets at the time. Ukraine live briefing: War pushes global defense spending to record high; Russia says U.S. withheld journalist visas. N. Lyashchenko, 'O vystuplenii I. V. Stalina v Kremle, 5 maya 1941', Volkogonov Papers, reel no.8, p.1. Your effort and contribution in providing this feedback is much Moldova has been scrambling to find new sources of power since mid-October, when Russian missile strikes in Ukraine took out the substations providing almost a third of Moldova's electricity imports. Russia is likely to launch a limited military attack against Ukraine, the head of the Estonian Foreign Intelligence Service has said. "[45] However, he also noted that "it cannot be excluded that Stalin may have been considering a preventive attack in the winter of 1941 or more probably in 1942". Or the Baltic countries? Soviet war plans called for dropping two 500 kiloton nuclear weapons on Vienna. [1], According to professor Alexander Hill, it is currently believed that whereas the war against "capitalist powers" was seen as potentially inevitable by Soviet leadership, the Soviet Union was making some preparations for war, and the Soviet pursuit for a collective security system in Europe ("Litvinov's line") was sincere in the late 1930s, the event that triggered active Soviet war preparations was the rapid collapse of the Anglo-French alliance in 1940.[10]. The planners decided that without American help, the British would probably fail. The intelligence official described the build-up as a "slow drip" and a "slow ratcheting up of pressure". Among the immediate objectives are support for Moldovan political forces advocating constructive relations with the Russian Federation, and neutralization of the initiatives of the Republic of Moldova aimed at eliminating the Russian military presence in Transnistria., Medium-term goals include opposition to the expansionist policy of Romania in the Republic of Moldova and opposition to cooperation between the Republic of Moldova and NATO., The FSB document lays out long term goals including the creation of stable pro-Russian groups of influence in the Moldovan political and economic elites and the formation of a negative attitude towards NATO., Asked about the document Thursday, Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov said: We know nothing of the existence of such a plan. If a quick success could not be obtained before the beginning of winter, the assessment was that the Allies would be committed to a protracted total war. See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays. In the report of 22 May 1945, an offensive operation was deemed "hazardous". [16], Another piece of evidence is Stalin's speech of 5 May 1941 to graduating military cadets. ,2835; : . Areas of eastern Ukraine have been devastated by ongoing conflict with Russia-backed separatists, Mr Biden (right) said he was confident Mr Putin (left on the monitor) got his message, Russia's demands, and a diplomatic solution, The secret mine that hid the Nazis' stolen treasure. But the senior Western intelligence official warned that "military options are highly likely on the table in the Kremlin" if Russia's demands are not satisfied. Nato insists it is a defensive alliance and not a threat to Russia. WebRussia began its invasion of Ukraine last week on the orders of Russian President Vladimir Putin. As of 2021 most of these have not been translated into English. A senior Western intelligence official has warned that if Russia decides to invade Ukraine, a conflict could spill over further into Europe. "We could have a very large number of refugees, deaths could reasonably be expected to be high as would destruction within Ukraine," he said. (Photo by Elena COVALENCO / AFP) (Photo by ELENA COVALENCO/AFP via Getty Images). Brussels, the political capital of NATO, would also have been targeted. Thus, according to supporters of this theory, the Red Army had to enter a war by 1 September 1941 or the drafted soldiers would have to be released from service. He told Ukraine's 1+1 TV Channel that Moscow's troops have stopped civilian evacuations from the port city, preventing thousands from fleeing the battle. On 20 August 2004, the historian and former Estonian prime minister Mart Laar published an article in The Wall Street Journal, When Will Russia Say 'Sorry'? ,388390; .. Michael Jabara Carley. : . Read about our approach to external linking. More than 60 top Soviet officers for about ten days in January rehearsed the possible scenarios to begin a war against the Axis. He said as early as 1925 that "Struggles, conflicts and wars among our enemies areour great allyand the greatest supporter of our government and our revolution" and "If a war does break out, we will not sit with folded arms we will have to take the field, but we will be, World War II was initiated by the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany, which became co-belligerents after signing the, Stalin planned to attack Nazi Germany from the rear in July 1941, only a few weeks after the date on which the, Hitler's intelligence identified the USSR's preparations to attack Germany. The forces mobilized in the Soviet Union were not positioned for defensive, but for offensive aims". The party has organized transport for attendees. Putin-Biden talks: What next for Ukraine? The Russian President wants to turn the clock back and regain control of huge swathes of Eastern Europe in a bid to piece back together the Soviet Union, it is feared. [7], The initial primary goal of the operation was declared as "to impose upon Russia the will of the United States and the British Empire. The West says claims it wants to rip Russia apart are fiction. The thesis by Suvorov that Stalin had planned to attack Nazi Germany in 1941 was rejected by a number of historians, such as Antony Beevor, Gabriel Gorodetsky, David Glantz and Dmitri Volkogonov and was partially supported by Valeri Danilov, Joachim Hoffmann, Mikhail Meltyukhov, and Vladimir Nevezhin. JUST IN:Russian soldier sobs humiliated by Ukrainians in video. Moldova and Ukraine have both dismissed the claim. Next year could be a worse situation [for] not only Ukraine but also several other states, possibly members of the alliance under fire from Russia., The question iswho is next?, Zelensky said. Web5:50 a.m. Western intelligence officials say the Russian strategy is in itself not surprising, but it may have been accelerated as the Moldovan government intensifies efforts to cooperate more closely with the US and European states. WebRussia has accused Ukraine of planning to invade and take over Transnistria, which borders southwestern Ukraine. It was estimated that two million Polish civilians would have been killed as a result of the exercise. [8] The (Something about magic tanks / lie of Victor Suvorov) Moscow: , , 2007, pp. In recent weeks, the Moldovan authorities have arrested several alleged pro-Russian activists as well as an alleged operative of the Wagner private military company who tried to enter the country. CNN has seen the full document, which appears to have been written in 2021 by the FSBs Directorate for Cross-Border Cooperation. Browse an unrivalled portfolio of real-time and historical market data and insights from worldwide sources and experts. .: , , 2007, pp. According to Suvorov, this demonstrates that Kudryavtsev was obeying the orders of Stalin, who simply did not expect a German attack.[12]. NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg made a surprise visit to Kyiv on Thursday, his first since the start of Russias invasion in February 2022. 1993. The majority of historians believe Stalin sought to avoid war in 1941 because he believed his military was not prepared to fight German forces, though historians disagree on why Stalin persisted with his appeasement strategy of Nazi Germany despite mounting evidence of an impending German invasion. WebApparently, Ukraine is not the only country Russia has been plotting to invade in recent years. In an interview with the BBC after his speech at the conference, which was aired on Sunday morning, Johnson said Russias plan was to launch the biggest war in Europe since 1945 with an invasion of Ukraine through the eastern region of Donbas and from Belarus in the north, with soldiers encircling the capital of Kyiv. [19] Hoffmann argues that the actual Soviet troop concentrations, fuel depots and airfields were near the German-Soviet border in what was Poland. What matters is the sovereignty and independence of Ukraine and ultimately, that is still for Ukrainians to determine, Johnson said. [55], One view was expressed by Mikhail Meltyukhov in his study Stalin's Missed Chance. He told Times Radio it wont just be the people of Ukraine but people in other eastern European countries were watching about whats going on here. The table contains the total number of divisions in the two Fronts and in the Crimea. The admiral described Russia's military build-up on its border with Ukraine as "deeply worrying". Late-20th-century debate on whether Stalin planned to invade Germany in 1941, Background to the Soviet offensive plans controversy, Criticism and support of books by Suvorov. ..1993. Although the SIOP is a tightly guarded secret, some information on the earliest SIOPs has been declassified. [citation needed] The duration of service was 2 years. Comrade Stalin's Three Plans -Mark Solonin's article on his personal website, Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union, Russian Revolution, Russian Civil War, PolishSoviet War, Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance, Aggravation of class struggle under socialism, Backwardness brings on beatings by others, 1906 Bolshevik raid on the Tsarevich Giorgi, National delimitation in the Soviet Union, Demolition of Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, Case of Trotskyist Anti-Soviet Military Organization, Declaration of the Rights of the Peoples of Russia, Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR, On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences, List of awards and honours bestowed upon Joseph Stalin, Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, GermanSoviet military parade in Brest-Litovsk, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_offensive_plans_controversy&oldid=1149553340, Military history of the Soviet Union during World War II, Articles containing Russian-language text, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2010, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from July 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 22nd, 20th, 21st, 19th, 16th, 24th, 28th Armies, 77 / 5 / 2, The Soviet Union was intrinsically unstable. The book is also based on open-source, unclassified literature, and recently declassified materials. Although successive U.S. administrations came into office vowing to reduce the role of nuclear weapons in Americas military doctrine, this proved impossible before the Reagan administration, when the revolution in precision-guided weaponry offered Washington a way to defeat the Soviet military juggernaut. A secret plan drawn up by Russias security service, the FSB, lays out detailed options to destabilize Moldova including supporting pro-Russian groups, utilizing the Orthodox Church and threatening to cut off supplies of natural gas. //- . As per the plan, Soviet Russia hoped to have secured Denmark within a week, and the Atlantic Ocean within 14 days of the start of the fighting. hes totally wrong, hes going to get more Nato.. The Russian defense ministry said last month that the Ukrainians were gathering armor in several border villages. CNN Sans & 2016 Cable News Network. British PM says he wants people to understand the sheer cost in human life that an invasion would entail. Unlike in the West, Soviet war planners saw nuclear weapons as only the start of a conflict, not its end. For example, he pointed out that the Soviet Union was outfitting large numbers of paratroopers and actually prepared to field entire parachute armies, and he stated that paratroopers are suitable only for offensive action, which the Soviet military doctrine of the time recognised. "Has Putin decided to initiate a conflict? "A full-scale genocide of the Ukrainian people is under way.". [57] In his argument, Meltyukhov covers five different versions of the assault plan ("Considerations on the Strategical Deployment of Soviet Troops in Case of War with Germany and its Allies" (Russian original)), the first version of which was developed soon after the outbreak of World War II. .. video explainer. sfn error: no target: CITEREFLownie2016 (, "British War Cabinet, Joint Planning Staff, "Operation Unthinkable", "Public Record Office, CAB 120/691/109040 "Operation Unthinkable: 'Russia: Threat to Western Civilization,'" British War Cabinet, Joint Planning Staff [Draft and Final Reports: 22 May, 8 June, and 11 July 1945]", Operation Unthinkable: Churchill's plan to start World War III, 19471948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine, Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council, On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences, North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972, Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union, 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre, List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States, American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation, United States involvement in regime change, Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, Never was so much owed by so many to so few, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operation_Unthinkable&oldid=1149907121, Cancelled military operations involving the United Kingdom, Cancelled military operations involving the United States, Cold War military history of the United Kingdom, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from February 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2018, Articles with self-published sources from May 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 15 April 2023, at 05:44. (modern), Johnson: Russia invasion would pose 'extreme danger to the world' video, What exactly does Putin want in Ukraine? Russian soldiers head home on foot en masse [REPORT]Putin left reeling as key ally Belarus refuses to join war [INSIGHT]Lavrov issues chilling warning to West over nuclear war[ANALYSIS].
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