To even begin to change, we have to become aware of the problem, then accept it. So the evidence, it's a little mixed. And so procrastination becomes a way to cope with that negative mood and those negative emotions, especially if you're someone who hasn't had a lot of experience managing your negative emotions effectively, or maybe you've got a lot of other stressors going on in your life that you've sort ofyour resources, your inner resources for coping with a task that might be really unpleasant or stressful or frustrating or creates a lot of worry for you, in those sorts of situations, you might resort to procrastination. There are no conflicts of interest for this episode. Habits, emotions, and thought patterns. The variable task or system-based factors are: This can become paralyzing, especially when we are unwilling to ask for help. So it's much easier to study it instead of a naturalistic setting by just getting people to self-report or to look at people who chronically procrastinate because what you study in the lab is going to be delay for sure, but it not isn't necessarily going to be procrastination. Danny draws on the expertise of clinical psychologists, physicians, psychiatrists and researchers in his new podcast, and he has already taken on a variety of challenging and interesting topics. CURT NICKISCH: That was one of the things that I really learned from reading what you wrote, is just how much emotion is wrapped up in procrastination. Thats episode 295. Earlier in the morning, when your cortisol is high, when your brain is fresh, youll be able to take on the tasks youll need to be highly motivated for. And then some of the other work I'm doing is just, again, trying to maybe get some more hard indicators of the health effects. And thats something that people with psychological flexibility are able to do. And thats what we often think first about. If you force yourself to think of three different ways, then you can assess which is the best of those. The research psychologist, author and DePaul University professor sits down for a truly delightful exploration of why we procrastinate, how prevalent it is, when it becomes harmful, some myths about procrastination, why it's similar to gambling, how . In addition to studying procrastination, she also researches perfectionism, self-compassion, gratitude, time and loneliness. Mills: So last question. Mais si cette procrastination tait en fait tout simplement de la rsistance au changement ? Sirois: Yeah. The way its helpful for me is that because Im a worrier or I get wrapped up thinking of all the possible things that could go wrong, and it just helps me streamline that so that I think of just the three major things. Show more Download. So the classic example thats always used in any intro psych textbook is driving: that once were not a novice driver anymore, whenever we sit in the driver seat of a car, we go through a sequence of behaviors without really even thinking about what we are doing. ALICE BOYES: Yeah so some level of emotional education around this is good so that people do have strategies. And so because of that, they might sort of not be able to savor their successes when they actually reach those standards. CURT NICKISCH: You mentioned earlier that when people do the tasks they know, those are often the easiest to do, and they put off the harder ones. Unsubscribe. You build a lot more resilience. And any strategy that you can use, whether it targets behavior or emotions or thoughts is probably going to work no matter what you see the primary root of it as being, because those things are so interlinked. Where can you place it? If you talk yourself into believing you dont care about it, it wont hurt as much if you fail. ALICE BOYES: Yeah. I think one of the big misconceptions in all of this is that people think a lot about reducing emotions as a way of combating procrastination. So yeah, I would say there is some evidence suggest men might procrastinate a little bit more than women, but it's not a huge difference and we may get some evidence in the coming years that that levels out because I think it is really driven also by what's going on. But I remember some years back at one of our conferences, we had some students presenting posters about their research on procrastination and there was this, what did they call it? About the expert: Fuschia Sirois, PhD I would think that it's more aboutit's not necessarily that you would procrastinate more or less necessarily depending on what the restraints were. I just want to ask if perfectionism and procrastination are linked and are perfectionists more or less likely to procrastinate? So it is really complicated, but theres always times where people need to get on to doing something. But there's tolerance for it too. When we are novice drivers, we have to think carefully about checking the mirrors and all the steps. Thank you for having me. So my strategy and my system is kind of tailored to that. So theres a great HBR article about how diverse teams tend to do better work, but they also tend to feel like they have more conflict. Fuschia Sirois, PhD: Oh, thanks for having me, Kim. If we want to address any type of problem, we've got to know what the core cause is. But again, these very much are self-regulation strategies. So one of the projects I want to look at, I know there was this type of work that was done with perfectionism showing that perfectionism is increasing over time. And help from a managers perspective, drawing that out of people is something that is a skill that any manager should have. And of course, we all know about productive procrastination. Oh, and don't you need to finish solving Wordle before you can tackle that job? Feelings of hopelessness, helplessness, and a lack of energy can make it difficult to start (and finish) the simplest task. So there's short-term health impacts, but there's also some more serious long-term health impacts as well. Alice Boyes, a former clinical psychologist and author, says breaking the habit is more than simply a matter of discipline. And we also think that it's going to last longer, we're going to be stuck in this state of frustration or stress or what have you as we're struggling with this task. I'm so glad that we did not put off this discussion. ALICE BOYES: Yeah. And when were on alert more, thats often what sparks creativity. And that is a real challenge. And I think people tend to oversimplify that. Emotions pretty much always come with thoughts and vice versa. So if we tell people to recall a time that they're procrastinating and then give them this sort of script that re-frames that experience in a self-compassionate manner, basically You're not the first person to procrastinate, nor will you be the last. Instead, it's a problem, as you say, of emotion regulation. Episode 210: Why we procrastinate and what to do about it, with Fuschia Sirois, PhD. So I think it can be quite mixed. For Dr. Brammer, Imposter Syndrome came from his ability to excel in school, despite consistently cramming for assignments and tests. Mills: So a moment ago you mentioned the couch and the screen, being able to get away from those things, and I'm wondering whether does the ubiquity of social media and electronic devices have an impact on procrastination or have procrastinators always been able to find excuses to put things off? You might have a big work project that's due, you feel stressed about it and suddenly you realize you can't possibly get started until you clean your desk. What do you find your cognitive distortions arewhat are the things you tell yourself to make yourself feel better about putting things off? It's really about the emotions that are associated with the task and not necessarily the unpleasantness of the task. Sometimes its just people have more things that they want to do and theyre having trouble settling on one. Sirois: So that's a great question. Mills: Given that these famous alleged procrastinators maybe weren't procrastinators at all, I thought it was interesting that there weren't a lot of women on the list that I saw. Its about identifying the forms of procrastination that cause problems for you, like where youve got a sense of a possible problem in your mind, and you just keep putting off thinking about it, putting off dealing with it. Gianni Dimacchia '24 brings immersive worlds and inspired characters to life as an artist, storyteller, and video game designer. Kim Mills: You know the old saying, never put off until tomorrow what you can do the day after tomorrow? In fact, anecdotally a lot of the people I've talked to when I say I do procrastination research, I get a lot of people telling me about their procrastination story. Sirois: So yeah, I mean there's a lot of myths out there about why people procrastinate and the common wisdom out there is that, oh, teach somebody to manage their time better and they'll stop procrastinating, or give them better self-control or tell them they're lazy and crack the whip and get them going and that'll reduce it. He doesnt do pictures. Dans ce podcast, j'aborde les deux thmatiques, notamment sous le prisme des troubles du comportement alimentaire. There really is so much that goes on with it psychologically. A couple of names popped up, Margaret Atwood, J.K. Rowling for example, who are also highly productive. One is quickly testing assumptions. It is important to be able to make all of those distinctions. Being unwilling to ask for help can relate to Impostor Syndrome, and can fuel procrastination. ALICE BOYES: Yeah, often the emotional intolerance isnt really about just a task being boring or unpleasant. And this is what I'm saying, sort of the tolerance for procrastination, I think, differs across different cultural contexts. Well, I want to thank you for joining me today, Dr. Sirois. Such as, This is stupid, I dont even care about it.. Because all of those things have bidirectional arrows between them, what it in essence means is that even if you see your procrastination as being primarily emotional or primarily cognitive, or primarily about habits. The research psychologist, author and DePaul University professor sits down for a truly delightful exploration of why we procrastinate, how prevalent it is, when it becomes harmful, some myths about procrastination, why it's similar to gambling, how decision-making can feel paralyzing, how to trust your own abilities, and most importantly -- what But I dont always do those six or seven steps. So you hear a lot of different things. A common but counter-intuitive driver of procrastination is fear of failure. We have these sort of different subcategories or dimensions of perfectionism. Hes happily married, a father of two, involved in his church, in a band, and is a practicing psychiatrist. "At its core, procrastination is about not being able to manage your moods and emotions. It's a delay that's voluntary. What are the next things that you're looking at in the realm of procrastination or even the other areas where you're doing research? Gamers Gene's Procrastination Podcast is your source for everything Video Games info/news. Mills holds a bachelors degree in biology from Barnard College and a masters in journalism from New York University. But it becomes over-learned and it becomes automatic. That actually wasn't very hard at all and it was a lot faster to get through than what I expected. But there isn't a lot of research on that. Then you need a snack. You said, I'm going to do that. So I dont think about a hundred different solutions to mitigate against each problem. He approaches the platform of Instagram through his strengths and his posts get like 40-50,000 likes each post. Fuschia Sirois, PhD, of Durham University, talks about why procrastination is an emotion regulation problem, not one of laziness or poor time management skills; how it can harm our mental and physical health; why its so tied up with guilt and shame; and how self-compassion can help us overcome it. Mills: Well, somewhat related to my last question, are there cultural differences among people who procrastinate? CURT NICKISCH: Lets say its not an organizational culture issue or a team culture issue, but you do notice that theres procrastination as an issue within your team, among team members. And I guess here we're talking about chronic procrastination as opposed to procrastinating from time to time. They called it a procrastination ambulance, which was I think their way of translating saying it was like a clinic for procrastination at a university, for students who were really troubled by their procrastination. Yes, procrastination. Most of us are decent humans and its not consistent with our values to be being jerks. How does this play out interpersonally? And coming at it from this mood regulation or emotion regulation perspective then, what that suggests is that we need to find ways to manage those emotions first and foremost. CURT NICKISCH: Thats Alice Boyes, a trained clinical psychologist and the author of the book Stress Free Productivity. Starting with thinking of different ways to approach it is probably the most important one for me. But it makes sense though too, because if you're stressed all the time and you're not looking after your health, these healthy behaviorsand stress and health behaviors are two key pathways to good health and when you don't engage in them, we know that they are risk factors for poor heart health. Eve. But that again, it's an emotion regulation issue. Be honest with yourself in your answer. Boyes wrote the book Stress-Free Productivityand the HBR article How to Stop Procrastinating.. How do you do that? CURT NICKISCH: Well, lets talk about the work setting a little bit in the sense of teams and organizational culture. So if you put those two things together, higher stress and poor health behaviors, and you tie that in with somebody who's got this pattern of dealing with unpleasant tasks in this very avoidant manner by procrastinating, over time, there's going to be some cumulative damage. Sometimes its just theres so much opportunity, we want to be doing all of these things and we sort of bite off more than we can chew in terms of the energy and focus that weve got. There are a lot ofthere's some procrastination research that did just that, just looked at the sort of social media and digital distractions, and that's a whole research program is in that area. I'm going to start with a quote that a colleague and friend of mine who got me into this area of research, Tim Pychyl at Carleton University in Canada, one that he often uses to make the distinction between procrastination and delay. They tend to also have more insecure job status, in other words, they're jumping from job to job and they never really advance much, and they actually make less money than people who don't chronically procrastinate. Mills: Right. Or can you get to a good emotion from that? So that's one project that I'll be working on and looking at sort of existing research out there to see if the mean levels of procrastination, chronic procrastination that is, have gone up, especially in student samples over the last couple of decades. It will also help to be able to clarify your goalsdaily, weekly, monthly. And often it depends on the measures that you're using as well. Other areas I'm looking at is trying to get a handle on some of what's happening with respect to the emotion regulation and specifically this idea that we tend to often not get started on a task because we make emotional mountains out of molehills. It's also for the one that has a friend, loved one, or coworker that would benefit from this tool. I want the other person, if theyre waiting on something from me, I want them to understand that its not because theyve done anything wrong or Im angry at them, or I just want to take that uncertainty off their plate. And that might be something that is a really strong value for you that you can use as a motivator. We always think of there being bidirectional arrows between all of those things. So its also using that strength. CURT NICKISCH: Yeah. People who chronically procrastinate or procrastinate regularly don't progress through their company as well. Make those goals realistic so you dont talk yourself out of them. So rather than frame it in terms of productivity, which I think feeds into a lot of our social norms about what we should and shouldn't be doing and how much we should and shouldn't be doing, I'd rather frame it around whether you're reaching your goals or not or do you have all these things you started and never finished, do you have all these unfulfilled goals that you just never got round to doing because of fear of failure or just worried it wasn't going to be good enough or worried whether you could manage maybe some of the challenges that you might face when you engage with that task?
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